After Ethnic Conflict: Policy-making in Post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia

After Ethnic Conflict: Why Look at Post-conflict Recovery?Introduction: Post-conflict Ethnically Divided Societies Mapping the Field: Ethnicity, Violence, Institutions What Happens at the Policy Level?Approaches and Concepts: Institutions and Elites Why Institutions Matter in Post-Conflict States Political Elites and Ethnic Accommodation Voting patterns Implementation of adopted policies De-ethnicisation of policies Methodology of Research Policy Case Selection Data Collection and Availability Book Structure Explaining Ethnic Accommodation Introduction Actors: Political Elites Defining Political Elites Unity, Continuity and Ethnic Identity Context: Post-conflict Ethnicity Institutional Framework: Post-conflict Institutions Power-sharing mechanisms Informal practices External Actors and Influences II Historical and Institutional Bosnia 1991–1996: From Communism to Ethnic Conflict Introduction Yugoslav Communism (1974–1990): Ethnicity and Ideology Power-sharing Institutions in Yugoslavia Critical Decisions: Pre-Dayton Bosnia and Herzegovina (1990–1995)Bosnia 1991–1995: Break-up of Institutions Post-conflict Power-sharing: The Dayton Agreement Dayton Bosnia – Institutions and Policy-making Bosnia's Track Record after Dayton Macedonia 1991–2001: Simmering Ethnic Tensions Introduction Yugoslav Communism (1974–1990)Effects of Federal Power-sharing Macedonia 1991–2001: Towards Democracy and Sovereignty Ohrid Framework Agreement – Bringing Power-sharing Back Macedonia's Track Record after 2001 III What Makes Post-conflict Politics Work Military Reform in Bosnia: A Single Joint Army Introduction Security and Politics after Dayton The Post-conflict Political Arena Military Reform in Post-Dayton Bosnia Case 1: Establishing State-level Ministry of Defence (2002–2003)Explaining Success in Establishing State Military Capacity Case 2: A Single Army (2004–2006)Conclusion: Explaining the Success of Military Reform Decentralisation in Macedonia: Designing Municipal Maps and Funds Introduction Decentralisation Policy in Macedonia Historical Legacies in Decentralisation Drivers of Decentralisation Reform Case 1: Empowering Local Government 2002–2004 From Contestation towards Accommodation Case 2: Increasing Funds for Municipalities (2005–2009)From Accommodation towards De-ethnicisation IV Continuing Challenges: Persisting Ethnic tensions Police Reform in Bosnia: Ethnicity above Efficiency Introduction Police in Post-conflict Security in Bosnia and Herzegovina Police Reform after the Conflict Case 1: Ashdown Reform Proposal (2004–2005)Why the Ashdown Proposal Failed Case 2: Lajčak's Reform Proposal (2007–2008)A Second Failure: Lajčak's Proposal Understanding Persisting Ethnic Resistance Minority Education in Macedonia: Recurring Ethnic Tensions Introduction Minority Education Policy in Macedonia Historical Legacies in Minority Education Policy Case 1: Tetovo University – Establishment and Legalisation Before 2001 After 2001 Unintended Effects from Education Reform Case 2: Compulsory Macedonian in Primary Schools Government Crisis Understanding Persistent Ethnicisation Conclusions Post-conflict Bosnia and Macedonia Power-sharing Arrangements Beyond Formal Institutions External Actors Larger Perspectives On Ethnic Accommodation Macedonia and Bosnia: Prospects and Challenges Bibliography Articles, Chapters and Books Official Documents and Reports:Media Sources Interviews