Current Issues in Memory: Memory Research in the Public Interest - Current Issues in Memory: Memory Research in the Public Interest -

I Memory representations: From (visual) perception to stored information The organization of visuospatial working memory: Evidence from the study of developmental disorders*Visuospatial abilities and their relation to visuospatial working memory The individual differences approach in the study of working memory Organization of the working memory components within the continuity model Organization of the visuospatial components of working memory within the continuity model Visuospatial working memory and genetic syndromes within the continuity model Visuospatial working memory and nonverbal (visuospatial) learning disabilities within the continuity model Conclusions Notes References Visual memory, spatial representation, and navigation Introduction Representational properties and vision Vision as the primary spatial modality Egocentric and allocentric information in spatial memory Functional equivalence of different types of encoding Modality specificity and spatial representations Viewpoint dependence versus orientation dependence Summary Navigational processes and visual memory Place and response learning Cue guidance and landmark-based navigation Cognitive maps Eidetic memory Path integration Summary Challenge for future investigations Notes References Remembering faces Introduction Factors affecting face recognition Face memory compared with object memory Configural processing and the inversion effect The expertise debate Neuropsychology of face memory The cognitive neuroscience of face memory Dynamic information in face memory Recall of faces by eyewitnesses Conclusion Note References Memory for real-world scenes Introduction The representation of natural scenes Memory systems potentially contributing to scene representation The online representation of scenes Longer-term memory for previously viewed scenes Understanding change blindness How are episodic representations of scenes structured?Spatial structure in scene memory Schema approaches to scene structure The function of visual memory in scene perception The function of VSTM in scene perception VSTM and conscious awareness VSTM and perceptual integration VSTM and perceptual comparison The function of VLTM in scene perception Effects of scene memory on object recognition Effects of scene memory on knowing where to look Conclusions Note References II Memory adaptations: Forgetting the past, remembering the future The role of retroactive interference and consolidation in everyday forgetting The form of forgetting A variety of interference theories Interference as trace degradation A role for consolidation A multidisciplinary inquiry into retroactive interference and consolidation The cellular basis of memory formation in the hippocampus Systems consolidation and forgetting Synaptic consolidation and forgetting Sleep-induced retrograde facilitation Temporal gradient of sleep-induced retrograde facilitation Sleep and LTP Drug-induced retrograde facilitation Temporal gradient of drug-induced retrograde facilitation Temporal gradients of retrograde amnesia and retrograde facilitation Retroactive interference and everyday forgetting Note References Autobiographical forgetting, social forgetting, and situated forgetting: Forgetting in context Introduction Autobiographical memory: Forgetting the personal past Studying autobiographical forgetting Retrieval-induced forgetting Directed forgetting Think/no-think Conclusion Social forgetting: Forgetting with others Studying social forgetting Socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting (SS-RIF)Collaborative recall Conclusion Situated forgetting: Forgetting in context Distributed cognition and situated forgetting Socially situated forgetting and transactive memory Final thoughts Note References Take the field!: Investigating prospective memory in naturalistic and real-life settings Studying prospective memory in naturalistic and real-life settings Research on future-oriented cognition and its relevance for prospective memory Investigating prospective-memory-related thoughts in real-life situations Potential pitfalls associated with real-life prospective memory investigations Conclusions and outlook Note References Prospective memory in safety-critical work contexts Disrupted habitual tasks Remembering to substitute atypical actions for habitual actions Interruptions create prospective memory tasks Interleaving the monitoring of concurrent tasks Encoding deferred intentions in operational settings Distributed prospective memory Improving prospective memory in the workplace Conclusions and outlook Notes References III Memory limitations: False memories False memories matter: The repercussions that follow the development of false memory Early studies: Pickles, eggs, strawberry ice cream Can we make people want to eat more instead of less?Do false memories affect actual behavior?Does it only work on food?Concluding remarks Note References Photos and memory Photographs and childhood memories Photographs and recent memories Implications for criminal justice Images are powerful Concluding remarks Note References Forced fabrication and false eyewitness memories An experimental paradigm for investigating the consequences of forced fabrication Methodological considerations Ensuring testimony is forced rather than freely provided Assessing the extent to which false memories are caused by the forced fabrication interview Differentiating between false reports and false beliefs/memories Empirical evidence that forced fabrication leads to false memories Factors that mitigate false memory development Improving memory for the witnessed event with the cognitive interview Factors that promote false memory development: The role of confirmatory feedback Extensions of the forced fabrication paradigm: Does forcing witnesses to fabricate entire fictitious events lead to false memor Factors that influence the incidence and magnitude of false memory for event fabrications Multifaceted questions and limited processing resources The role of confirmatory interviewer feedback The fabricated event’s explanatory role An uncertainty monitoring account of false memories that result from forced fabrication Concluding remarks Notes References When children are the worst and best eyewitnesses: Factors behind the development of false memory Evoking false memories Misinformation paradigm Implantation paradigm Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm Associative activation theory Source monitoring Precursors of children’s false memory Plausibility Valence Script knowledge Knowledge base and false memory development Concluding remarks Note References Factors affecting the reliability of children’s forensic reports: An updated review Autobiographical memory Suggestibility Disclosure patterns among sexually abused children Adults’ retrospective accounts of CSA and childhood disclosure: Evidence on delayed disclosure Studies of children undergoing forensic evaluation for suspected abuse: Evidence on abuse denials and recantations Conclusions Notes References IV Memory augmentations: How can memory capacities be improved?Individual differences in working memory and aging Assessment of WM Within-context measures Redundant information requests Probes Out of context WM assessment Updating Simultaneous storage and processing WM relations Internal relations External relations Conclusion Note References Working memory training in late adulthood: A behavioral and brain perspective Early cognitive training studies Working memory intervention studies: Behavioral results Training executive cognitive control processes: Dual-tasking Training in updating, shifting, and inhibition Training in maintenance and cognitive control: The complex working memory span task Conclusions: The behavioral training studies of working memory Working memory plasticity: Brain imaging studies Important questions for future research Note References More than just a memory: The nature and validity of working memory in educational settings Models of working memory Baddeley and Hitch’s multicomponent model Cowan’s embedded-processes model Ericsson and Kintsch’s long-term working memory theory Assessment of working memory Laboratory assessment of verbal working memory Digit, letter, and word span tasks Listening span tasks Computation span test Counting span task Assessment of visual-spatial working memory Star Counting Test Direction Span Test Other spatial tasks Educational applications of working memory Wechsler assessments The Woodcock–Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ III COG)Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition (SB5)Differential Ability Scales, Second Edition (DAS-II)Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning, Second Edition (WRAML2)Working Memory Test Battery for Children (WMTB-C)Ecological validity Verisimilitude and veridicality Conclusions Note References BeneFIts of testing memory: Best practices and boundary conditions Test-enhanced learning The format of tests Testing and feedback Schedules for testing Dangers of multiple-choice and true/false tests Metacognition and self-regulated learning Applications of testing in classrooms Conclusion Note References