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Cosmological Clues: Evidence for the Big Bang, Dark Matter and Dark Energy


The EvolutionCOSMOLOGY – IS THE UNIVERSE EVOLVING?THE STANDARD MODEL OF COSMOLOGYThe Big BangDark MatterDark EnergyThe Cosmological PrincipleSCIENTIFIC THINKINGKEY HISTORICAL COSMOLOGICAL CLUESca 350 BC: The Earth at the Centre of the Universe: The Earth Rotates Round the Sun: The Sun Rotates Round the Galaxy: The Universe is Infinite with No Centre: The Universe Had a Beginning and EvolvesWhen Did the Standard Model Become Accepted?WHERE ARE WE IN THE UNIVERSE?The ReasoningWHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS?What is Science?The Basic Scientific ProcessHow Do We Collect Evidence?CAN WE EVER REALLY PROVE SOMETHING?Scientific Reasoning, Proof and FalsificationProbability as ScienceHOW TO MAKE THEORIES AND REVOLUTIONSHow Do We Make Theories?Revolutionary ScienceScience within SocietyThe CluesWHAT IS A COSMOLOGICAL CLUE?CLUE 1: THE EXPANDING UNIVERSECLUE 2: THE EXISTENCE OF DARK MATTERCLUE 3: THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUNDCLUE 4: THE ORIGIN OF THE ELEMENTSCLUE 5: THE COSMIC WEBCLUE 6: THE EXISTENCE OF DARK ENERGYThe TheoriesWHAT IS A THEORY?THE STANDARD MODEL OF COSMOLOGYOverview of CDM: From 0 to 14 Billion YearsEarly Structure FormationThe Cosmological ParametersTHE STEADY STATE UNIVERSECOSMIC INFLATIONMODIFIED GRAVITY THEORIESMULTIVERSES AND OTHER UNIVERSESOf Strings and ToEsMultiversesThe Holographic UniverseThe ProblemsWHAT IS A COSMOLOGICAL PROBLEM?PROBLEM 1: THE BIG BANG PROBLEMPROBLEM 2: THE DARK MATTER PROBLEMPROBLEM 3: THE DARK ENERGY PROBLEMPROBLEM 4: THE COSMIC WEB PROBLEMPROBLEM 5: THE MISSING BARYON PROBLEMPROBLEM 6: THE HORIZON PROBLEMPROBLEM 7: THE FLATNESS PROBLEMPROBLEM 8: THE ANTIMATTER PROBLEMThe TestingWHERE WILL NEW CLUES COME FROM?SurveysComputingExperimentsWHAT CLUES ARE WE LOOKING FOR?FINDING DARK MATTEREVIDENCE FOR INFLATIONHOW FAST IS THE UNIVERSE EXPANDING?UNDERSTANDING DARK ENERGYHOW DO GALAXIES AFFECT COSMOLOGY?IMPROVING THE COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERSThe FutureWHAT IS THE FUTURE OF THE UNIVERSE?HOW WILL EARTH AND LIFE END?IS THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS THE KEY TO OUR FUTURE?Appendix: Timeline of CluesGlossaryBibliography
 
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