Air Pollution Control Equipment Selection Guide - Air Pollution Control Equipment Selection Guide -

Air Pollution Control It Is Separation Technology Wet Collection of Particulate Dry Collection Gas Absorption Concept of Number of Transfer Units in Absorption The Transfer Unit Concept in Gas Absorption Hybrid Systems Absorption Devices Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Bioreactors Device Types Bioremediation Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Biotrickling Filter Technology Aerobic Digester Technology Bioscrubber Technology Dry Cyclone Collectors Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Design Basics Operating/Application Suggestions Electrostatic Precipitators Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanism Used Creation of Charge Field Charging Diffusion Charging Design Basics Resistivity of Dust Operating Suggestions Air Load/Gas Load Testing Alignment Thermal Expansion Air In-Leakage Rapping Insulator Cleaning Purge Heater and Ring Heater Systems Process Temperature Fuel Changes Evaporative Coolers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Types of Gas Cooling Gas Conditioning Basic Sizing All-Important Atomization Case History Example Cost Considerations Operating Suggestions Fabric Filter Collectors Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Fiberbed Filters Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Acid Mist Asphalt Processing Plasticizer/Vinyl/PVC Processing Coating/Laminations Electronics Textile Processing Metal Working Lube Oil Vents and Reservoirs Incinerator Emissions Internal Combustion Engine Crankcase Vents Precious Metal Recovery Vacuum Pumps Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating/Application Suggestions Filter Cleaning Fiberbed Filter Life Fire Protection If the Contaminant Is Combustible Filament (Mesh Pad) Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Fluidized Bed Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Mechanically Aided Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Packed Towers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Counterflow Crossflow Operating Suggestions Settling Chambers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating/Application Suggestions Spray Towers/Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Thermal Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) Control Device Type Typical Applications and Uses: Combustion Sources Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Different Forms of NOx NOx Measurement Units Thermal NOx Fuel-Bound NOx Thermal-NOx Control Strategies Dilution Strategies Staging Strategies Post-combustion Strategies Operating/Applications Suggestions Thermal Oxidizers Device Type Typical Applications Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Tray Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanism Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Vane Type Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications Operating Principle Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Venturi Scrubbers Device Type Typical Applications Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating/Application Suggestions Wet Electrostatic Precipitators Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Types of Wet Precipitators Configuration Arrangement Irrigation Method Selecting a Wet Electrostatic Precipitator Operating Suggestions Special Applications: Venturi Scrubbers as Evaporators Device Type Typical Applications Operating Principles Primary Mechanism Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Energy Recovery Device Type Typical Applications and Uses Operating Principles Primary Mechanism Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions Multitechnique Equipment for Gasification (Syngas)Device Type(s)Typical Applications and Uses Starved-Air Gasification Plasma Destruction Reformer Gasification Operating Principles Primary Mechanisms Used Design Basics Operating Suggestions System Diagnostics and Testing Tools Isolate and Correct the Problem Define the Problem Inspect the Scrubber and/or System Baseline the System Search for Detailed Solution to the Problem Gas Cleaning Device Liquid Circuit Problems Instrumentation Issues Gas Moving Device Gas Discharge Device Fix the Problem Optimization of Gas Cleaning Equipment, Overview Defining the Problem Post Installation Optimization by Equipment Type Dry Cyclone Optimization The Dry Cyclone Dry Clone Performance Optimization Importance of Uniform Gas Flow Minimizing Particle Size Reduction Importance of Vertical Orientation Smooth Interior Surfaces Maintain Control of Dust Level Trim Gaskets Minimize Dust Discharge Device Leaks Control Static Electricity if Present Adjust for Particle Size Differences Potential Operating Problems Summary Optimization Techniques Inspect the Hopper If Used Use Dust to Augment Sealing Check Integrity of All Gaskets Double Check the Dust Discharge Device If Fitted No Dents!Absorber Optimization Minimize Potential Problems Unless the Gas Is Absorbed and Reacted, Minimize Recycle Dont Waste the Make Up Water Control Temperatures Careful pH Control, If Used, Is Critical Make Chemical, If Used, Pass at Least Once Through Locate Sensors for Most Rapid Response Adjustments to Consider Use Dilute Chemical Make Up If Possible If Exotherms Is Present, Add Cold Make Up Water to Header Premix Additive Chemicals Choose Effective Probe/Sensor Locations Seek Uniform Liquid Distribution What If the Containment Is Easily Stripped?Possible Problems Given the Chemical Addition Odor Control Example Problems If the Absorbed Containment Easily Strips Optimizing Odor Control Applications Optimizing Applications That Easily Strip Pre-Formed Spray Scrubbers Optimization Balancing Absorption and Particulate Removal Some Problems to Consider Optimization Techniques Precipitator Optimization The Requirement of Synergy Primary Precipitator Components Gas Inlet Ductwork Importance of Particulate Characteristics Collecting Surface Characteristics Electrode Type and Characteristics Primary Components Ancillary Components The Power Supply Quencher Optimization Possible Problems Optimization Techniques Spray Tower Optimization Possible Problems Optimization Techniques Vertical Gas Velocity Spray Nozzles and Location When Chemicals Are Used Spray Nozzle Wear Back-Mixing Issues Tray Scrubber (Tray Tower) Optimization Possible Problems Optimization Possibilities Mounting the Vessel True Vertically Localized Wear and/or Solids Buildup Weeping Sudden Pressure Drop Changes Sudden Changes in Efficiency Face Spray Droplet Eliminator Effects Venturi Scrubber Optimization Possible Problems Possible Remedies Preconditioning the Gas Stream Turndown and Pressure Drop Maintenance Method of Liquid Introduction Effects of Wear Improving Gas Absorption