Achieving sustainable management of tropical forests - Achieving sustainable management of tropical forests -

Preface Challenges faced by tropical forests An overview of tropical forest formations Introduction The tropics: defining the enabling conditions for tropical forests Classifying tropical forest formations Structure and diversity of tropical forest ecosystems Conclusion References Pressures on tropical forests: agriculture, trade and illegality Introduction Tropical forests and agriculture Logging and tropical forests Illegal logging and trade Tackling illegal logging Tackling deforestation in agricultural supply chains Conclusion Where to look for further information References Narratives on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and tropical forests Introduction The use of narratives as an analytical tool in forest management and policy analysis The three narratives about the SDGs and forests The SDGs and forest narratives and tropical forests Conclusions References National governance and tropical forests: key challenges Introduction Competing definitions and characterisations of forest governance The impact of poor forest governance Global solutions to forest governance Ownership and forest governance Case study: governance regimes in the Congo Basin Conclusions Future trends References Annex 1 Diagnosis of tropical forest governance weaknesses Annex 2 Examples of alleged abuses in tropical forest governance Climate change and tropical forests Introduction Tropical forests and the global carbon cycle Other climate effects of tropical forests Changing climate in the tropics Climate change impacts on tropical forests Future tropical forest management: mitigation and adaptation to climate change Future trends Conclusion Where to look for further information References Ecosystem services provided by tropical forests New types of products from tropical wood Introduction Tropical forest wood products Plantation forest resources Non-wood forest products: bamboo and rattan Plantation timber product development and wood species Plantation biomass and waste: oil palm and kenaf Plantation biomass and waste: sugarcane and rice Developments in wood products Biomass energy and co-generation Wood-based biofuels Conclusions Where to look for further information References Non-timber forest products from tropical forests Introduction Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and rural livelihoods Ecological impact of non-timber forest products (NTFPs)Socioeconomic benefits of non-timber forest products (NTFPs)Conclusion Where to look for further information References Ecosystem services delivered by tropical forests: regulating services of tropical forests for climate and hydrological cycles Introduction Forest-climate interactions Forests in the carbon cycle Climate change mitigation in the forestry and timber sector Forests in the water cycle (regional scale)Summary and future trends Where to look for further information References Biodiversity and ecosystem services in tropical forests: recent findings and implications for sustainable forest management (SFM)Introduction The importance of tropical forests as repositories of biodiversity Recent research on biodiversity and ecosystem services from tropical forests The main threats to tropical forest biodiversity Synthesis and conclusion Where to look for further information References Amenity and recreation values of tropical forests: an ecosystem services perspective Introduction The importance of ecosystem services Overexploitation of forest ecosystem services (ESS)Valuing recreational and amenity services of tropical forests Innovative approaches to recreation and amenity ESS Improving forest-based recreation activities: options and challenges Conclusions References Management structures to support sustainable forest management (SFM)Defining sustainable forest management (SFM) in the tropics Introduction Evolving concepts of sustainability Appropriate scales for assessment of SFM SFM trade-offs at different scales Defining terms in SFM Land-use types in SFM Challenges for SFM in the tropics Ways forward References Improving operating standards in sustainable forest management of tropical forests in Africa Introduction Deforestation in Africa The need for sustainable forest management in Africa Improving operating standards in sustainable forest management Conclusion Where to look for further information References The role of certification schemes in sustainable forest management (SFM) of tropical forests Introduction The need for change Responses to the introduction of forest certification The development of forest certification Rates and spread of certification Assessing the impact of forest certification Conclusion Where to look for further information References Tenure and management rights in tropical forests Introduction Trends in 33 lowand middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia and Latin America Regional trends Implications Conclusions References Community-based management of tropical forests: lessons learned and implications for sustainable forest management Introduction The evolution of community-based forest management (CBFM)How does CBFM work?Community forestry and livelihoods Factors affecting the success or failure of CBFM Designing and implementing CBFM How CBFM can be integrated into international forest policy Conclusion Where to look for further information References Monitoring and management techniques in sustainable forest management (SFM)New techniques for assessingand mapping tropical forests Introduction Inventory objectives Remote sensing to detect changes in land use Remote sensing to detect logging activities and forest degradation assessments for forest inventories Uncertainty assessment and error analysis Planning a forest inventory Data collection, analysis, and reporting Future trends Where to look for further information References Advances in monitoring and reporting forest emissions and removals in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)Introduction Summary of UNFCCC FREL/FRLs Summary of REDD+ results reported to the UNFCCC Outlook: what’s next on MRV for forests?References Understanding and exploiting genetics of tropical tree species for restoration of tropical forests Introduction Methods to measure genetic diversity: field trials and tree improvement Methods to measure genetic diversity: molecular markers DNA barcoding Genetic studies to investigate reproductive systems Case studies: figs, dipterocarps, teak and eucalypts Summary and future trends Where to look for further information References Pathogens in tropical forests: diversity and management Introduction Root diseases Stem diseases Wilt diseases Foliage pathogens Virus diseases Nematodes Algae and parasitic plants Disease management Where to look for further information Acknowledgements References The role of agroforestry in sustainable forest management (SFM) of tropical forests Introduction Extent and biodiversity of shifting cultivation landscapes The productive function of shifting cultivation landscapes Carbon capture in shifting cultivation landscapes Implications of intensifying shifting cultivation Summary Acknowledgements Where to look for further information References SFM of different types of tropical forest Forest landscape restoration (FLR) of tropical forests Introduction Implementing forest landscape restoration (FLR)Case studies Challenges and opportunities in taking FLR forward Conclusion Where to look for further information References Sustainable management of tropical plantation forests Introduction Sustainability issues in tropical forest plantations: productivity and nutrient cycles Sustainability issues in tropical forest plantations: biodiversity conservation Sustainability of ecosystem services provision in tropical plantations Sustainability of social impacts of tropical forest plantations Measures to achieve sustainable tropical forest plantations management Conclusions Where to look for further information References Sustainable forest management (SFM) of tropical moist forests: the Congo Basin Introduction Logging concessions, the land and management plans Land zoning Sustainable forest management plans From ‘nesting dolls’ to improved policies Improving processes and institutions From theory to practice Conclusions References Sustainable forest management (SFM) of tropical moist forests: the case of the Brazilian Amazon Introduction Regulation of Brazilian forest management Good forest-management practices in Amazonian Brazil Private and community-based forest management in Amazonian Brazil Sustainable forest management in Amazonian Brazil: challenges and strategies Conclusions Where to look for further information References Sustainable management of African dry forests Introduction Characteristics of dry forests Distribution of dry forests in Africa The importance of dry forests to local communities Key issues in managing African dry forests Conclusions List of abbreviations Where to look for further information References The Future Achieving sustainable management of tropical forests: overview and conclusions Introduction: sustainable forest management (SFM)Importance of tropical forest ecology Forests, climate and climate change Forest loss and degradation Forest products and ecological services Community-based forest management (CBFM) and SFM SFM and the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs)Wood products, plantations and SFM Monitoring and measuring for SFM Shifting cultivation and SFM Forest landscape restoration (FLR)SFM in major tropical regions Conclusions References