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A History of Enterprise Policy: Government, Small Business and Entrepreneurship
What Is Enterprise Policy and Why Is it Important?
Aims and Purpose
The Story of UK Enterprise Policy
Is Enterprise Policy Effective?
Historical Institutionalism
Structure of the Book
Pre and Early Enterprise Policy Agendas
Formalising an Enterprise Policy Agenda
Thatcher and the Enterprise Culture
Post-Thatcher, New Ideas?
Conclusion
Government, Small Firms and Entrepreneurship in the Nineteenth Century
The Nineteenth-Century Small Firm
Individualism
Reluctant to Change?
An Era of Laissez-Faire?
Local Politics
Challenging Times for Small Businesses
Politics at the Turn of the Century
The Great War
Conclusion
Filling the Finance Gap
Beginning the Interwar Years
The Doldrum Twenties and the Intractable Million
Political Responses
The Great Slump
A Near Miss in Proto Enterprise Policymaking
The Macmillan Committee
Representing Small Firms to the Committee
The Macmillan Gap: The Birth of UK Enterprise Policy
Was There a Macmillan Gap?
Unemployment Continues to Grow
Credit for Industry
The Second World War
The Post-War Labour Government
The Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation
The Radcliffe Committee
Conclusion
Regional Enterprise Policy
The Need for Regional Policy
The Special Areas Act 1934
Financing the Special Areas
Trading Estates in the Special Areas
Evaluative Overview
Planning for Post-War Reconstruction
National Industrial Organisation
The Development Areas Treasury Advisory Committee
The 1950s and the Conservatives
Regional Policy but Little Room for Small Businesses?
Negotiating the Post-War Consensus on Government and Industry
The Confederation of British Industry
Conclusion
Early Lobbying and Debating the Role of Government
Economic Decline?
Acorns to Oaks
Making the Case for Small Firms
Establishing a Small Firms Inquiry
What Was Known About Small Firms?
The Bolton Committee and Its Wider Context
Report and Its Findings
Small Firm Finance
Regions and Unemployment
Support and Advisory Services
Conclusion
Taxation, Lobbying and a Voice for Small Business
The Conservatives’ New Political Agenda
The Response to the Bolton Report
The Small Firms Division
Small Firms Information Centres
Courting the Small Firm Vote
The National Enterprise Board
Council of Small Industries in Rural Areas
The Ongoing Political Exclusion of Small Businesses?
The Voice of Enterprise
Conclusion
The Europeanisation of Enterprise Policy
Joining the EEC
State Aid and the EEC
Aid for Enterprise Policy
The European Regional Development Fund
The Move Away From Keynesian Interventionism
Enterprise Policy Responses to the Crises
The Wilson Committee and Small Firm Finance
Conclusion
Neoliberalism and Enterprise Culture
Thatcher’s Election
The Shift in Ideology to ‘Neoliberalism’
Small Business Revivalism
Enterprise Culture
The Department for Enterprise
Enterprise Allowance Scheme
Small Businesses as Job Creators
Finance for Small Firms in the Enterprise Culture
The Small Firms Loan Guarantee Scheme
The Business Start-Up Scheme
Conclusion
Market Liberalisation and Deregulation
The Conservative Government
New Approaches to Regional Policy
Enterprise Zones
Local Enterprise Agencies
Inner Cities
Regional Funding
Deregulation
Obstacles to Deregulation
Relaunching the Deregulation Agenda
Conclusion
Tackling Deadweight and Displacement Through Consultancy
The Enterprise Initiative
The Subsidising of Consultancy
Training and Enterprise Councils
TECs and Enterprise Policy
TEC Delivery
Major Replaces Thatcher
Small Business Finance in the 1990s
One Stop Shops
The Creation of Business Link: A One Stop Franchise
The Function of Business Link
Business Link Delivery
Investors in People and Quality Standards
Conclusion
Enterprise Policy as an Answer to Deprivation and Exclusion
New Labour
The Small Business Service
Better Regulation
Business Support and Advice
Access to Finance
Joined Up Enterprise Policymaking
The Enterprise Gap
Evaluating SBS
New Labour and Regional Development
Simplifying Small Business Support
The 2008 Financial Crisis
Austerity Britain
Coalition Enterprise Policy
The Post-Coalition Conservative Governments
Conclusion
The Development of Small Firms as an Interest Group
Enterprise Policy Ideas
The Failure of Ideas
The Future of Enterprise Policy
Methodological Appendix
Sources
Our Approach
Historical Institutionalism
Book Structure
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