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Psychological Perspectives on Radicalization

Introduction Why is studying radicalization important?A brief historical overview of terrorism Three points of clarification Scope and outline of the book Bibliography What is radicalization?Introduction Definition of radicalization Different radical groups Nationalistic/separatist groups Extreme right-wing groups Extreme left-wing groups Single-issue groups Extreme religiously motivated groups Summary and discussion References Describing the elephant when you are blind Introduction What it takes to have a good measure An overview of methods that are commonly used Case studies and interviews Experimental work Surveys Some upcoming methods to study radicalization Network analysis Big data Summary Recommended reading References The stages of radicalization Of staircases, straitjackets, and conveyor belts - criticism of earlier phase models Radicalization as a puzzle: Complex (phase?) models Pyramid model(s) of radicalization Reconciling complexity and temporality Simple yet complex: Toward a new phase model of radicalization Vulnerability phase Group phase Action phase Conclusion Endnotes References Wanted: Radical Introduction Gender, age, education, IQ, and marital status Gender and age Marital status Education and poverty Psychopathology, behavioral disorders, and personality Psychological needs Identity seekers Justice seekers Significance seekers Sensation seekers Conclusion Recommended reading References Psychological aspects of radical groups Introduction Three basic processes in (radical) groups: Categorization, us vs. them, and moral in-group superiority Social influence processes Group processes to prepare people for a violent attack Summary References The last straw Introduction What are trigger factors?Trigger factors in the personal realm Trigger factors in the context of groups Trigger factors in society Summary and conclusions Recommended reading References Resilience against radicalization and deradicalization Introduction What is resilience?Origin of the term and general definition Resilience in the context of (de)radicalization Thinking, feeling, and behaving: Predictive factors of resilience against radicalization Resilience against deradicalization Summary Endnotes Recommended reading References EXIT! The psychology of deradicalization and disengagement Introduction Disengagement versus deradicalization Deradicalization step by step Deradicalization and disengagement in the action phase Deradicalization and disengagement in the group phase Preventing radicalization in the vulnerability phase Summary Recommended reading References Eight lessons for dealing with radicalization Introduction Lesson 1: Realize that radicalization is complex but not exotic Lesson 2: Know your problem and dilemmas Lesson 3: Get out, connect, and (net)work together Lesson 4: Make a thorough analysis of the risks of radicalization Lesson 5: Keep your eye on the needs Lesson 6: Resilience, resilience, resilience Lesson 7: Have a compelling story -and know when to tell it Lesson 8: Keep doing your job, and do it well References

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