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Children as Agents in Their Worlds: A Psychological – Relational Perspective

The definition of agency A new interest in agency Children's agency Problematising child agency Unresolved issues Why this book? Confronting unproductive tensions between disciplines The structure of this book The concept of agency in childhood studies Sociology and agency: the tension between structure and agency Socialisation theories Children as social actors Contemporary approaches to theorising agency within childhood studies Simple agency: agency asserted and exemplified Essentialist agency: agency as an individual capacity Social agency: socially enabled or constrained Post-modern agency: distributed and fluid Deployment of the concept of agency in childhood studies Interrogating the politics of childhood agency Conclusion Theorising agency Philosophical perspectives The rise of neuroscientific explanations Sociology and the structure versus agency debate The work of Giddens Emirbayer and a social view of agency Bourdieu and the social structuring of agency Psychological contributions Bandura and self-efficacy The contribution of developmental theorists The new psychology of personhood A theoretical convergence?The development of children’s agency Self-directed activity and the emergence of intentional action Perspective-taking, intersubjectivity and non-verbal communication Language Self-regulation, identity and morality Conclusion Children’s agency within families Introduction The child as a source of effect within families Children’s agency as autonomy Children’s agency as construction Children’s agency as action Theorising children’s agency within the family Conclusion Children’s agency in school and with peers Introduction Formal schooling and standardised childhood Children’s agency in school contexts and child-centred pedagogy Agency and training for citizenship Educational inequality and agency-related constructs Appropriation of peer culture and children’s agency Conclusion Children’s agency in the public sphere: Rights and participation Introduction Children’s rights Promoting rights to participation and protection Problems with the UNCRC – implementation Problems with the UNCRC – ideological and cultural biases Linking rights discourses to the new social studies of childhood Participation in practice Issues in relation to ‘the voice of the child’Children as citizens Children as consumers General underestimation of children?Conclusion Agency and diversity: Variation in the expression of agency by children Looking at Diversity Age differences Sex and gender differences Children with disabilities Class, cultural and geographical differences Reasons for differences in the enactment of agency Examining diversity generates many definitions and typologies Power and the capacity to do what is chosen Conclusions A theoretical synthesis Agency misunderstood Critical perspectives on the promotion of child agency Relational theories and the ontology of ‘the child’Adding the developmental, psychological dimensions Adding power So what is children’s agency?A cross-disciplinary and/or interdisciplinary approach to agency In conclusion

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